铝合金表面GPTMS硅烷膜的制备及耐蚀性能研究

为提高铝合金耐腐蚀力，运用正交试验法研究在铝合金表面制备 γ-（2，3-环氧丙氧）丙基三甲氧基硅烷（GPTMS）自组装膜最佳工艺条件，利用极化曲线和扫描电子显微镜研究该硅烷膜在铝合金表面的耐腐蚀性能。研究表明：最佳工艺条件为 100 mL溶液中， pH＝4. 5，V（GPTMS）∶V（EtOH）∶V（H₂O）= 2∶7∶91，T_{1（水解温度）}＝25 ℃，t_{1（水解时间）}＝7 h，t_{2（浸涂时间）}＝10 min，t_{3（固化时间）}＝90 min，T_{2（固化温度）}＝120 ℃，该工艺条件下制备的硅烷膜具有优异的耐腐蚀性能。     

Effect of ZnO content on the physical,mechanical and chemical properties of glass-ceramics in the CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 system

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ZnO content on the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of CaO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ (CAS) glass-ceramics produced from Colombian wastes, such as fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag and glass cullet. The CaO/SiO₂ molar ratio of the mixtures was held constant (0.36). ZnO was added to the mixtures in proportions of 4, 7 and 10 wt%. The glass-ceramics were produced by the controlled crystallization of a parent glass. The values of crystallization temperature (T_p) show a fall up to 7 wt% and then shoots up with 10 wt% concentration of ZnO, but in general, ZnO addition lowers the temperature required for the formation of crystalline phases. In general, anorthite (CaAl₂Si₂O₈) is the main phase observed in all heat treated samples, in addition to albite (Na(AlSi₃O₈)) and labradorite (Na_0.45 Ca_0.55 Al_1.55 Si_2.45 O₈). The crystalline phases hardystonite (Ca₂ZnSi₂O₇) and willemite (Zn₂SiO₄) were also identified in the samples with 7 and 10 wt% ZnO. The densities of the glass-ceramics were between 2658 and 2848 kg/m³, and it was found that ZnO helps to increase the density of glass-ceramics. The elastic modulus was in the 100–105 GPa range, the fracture toughness was between 0.45 and 0.64 MPa m^1/2, and the Vickers microhardness was between 632 and 653 MPa. With regards to the durability, the weight loss of the glass-ceramics immersed in alkaline solution (NaOH) did not exceed 1.5 wt% after immersion for 6 h at 80 °C. The results of this study confirm that the vitrification process is a favorable option to utilize these industrial wastes.     

基于电力电子器件的配电变压器有载调压技术研究

本文中作者对配电变压器有载调压技术的现状进行系统分析和研究,提出了一种基于电力电子器件的方案,并论证了其技术特点。     

天然气/液化气先进再燃脱硝特性研究

利用自行研制的可燃气体再燃脱硝实验台，在先进再燃脱硝的典型影响因素条件下比较了两种再燃燃料的脱硝特性.实验燃料先进再燃脱硝时均存在最佳过量空气系数、最佳NH₃/NO摩尔比；1 050,1 150 ℃时脱硝效率随再燃气/NO摩尔比增加而提高，而1 200 ℃时脱硝效率随天然气/NO比增加先升高后降低，实验最佳天然气/NO比为3.63；天然气/液化气先进再燃时再燃区最佳温度分别为1 250 ℃与1 050 ℃，再燃区温度高于1 150 ℃时选择天然气为再燃燃料，反之选择液化气；从停留时间上考虑应优先选择天然气作为再燃燃料.     

基于Q强化学习的综合能源服务商现货市场申报策略研究

随着综合能源系统建设和电力市场改革推进,综合能源服务商有望成为新的市场交易成员。为解决申报阶段有限的决策参考信息制约申报策略制定的问题,文章提出了一种基于Q强化学习的综合能源服务商现货市场申报策略,以提升申报策略的理想度。该方法的主要特点在于充分利用庞大的历史运行信息,通过人工智能算法训练申报策略智能体,建立综合能源服务商所掌握的有限参考信息与最优申报策略之间的内在关系。智能体以市场公开信息、社会公共信息及服务商私有信息为环境变量,能够实现申报策略的自动生成和智能改进。最后,基于某省电网实际数据构造算例表明,该方法能较好地拟合合作博弈下的申报策略,具有收敛速度快、理想度高、计算效率高等特点,更符合综合能源服务商决策需求。     

考虑电流指令跟踪能力的PQ控制逆变型分布式电源故障模型

从逆变型分布式电源(IIDG)的数学模型、控制原理和参数设计角度出发,分析不同参数、故障前工况和故障严重程度条件下变流器电流对其指令的跟踪情景,进而提出一种考虑变流器电流指令跟踪能力的IIDG对称故障模型。该模型根据变流器电流能否准确跟踪指令将IIDG等值为压控电流源和压控电压源这2个阶段,可更加准确地反映对称故障期间IIDG的控制特性。与现有方法及电磁暂态仿真软件计算结果的对比分析表明,所提方法在简化计算的同时具备更高的计算精度。     

Voltage stability monitoring of power systems using reduced network and artificial neural network

This paper presents network reduction based methodologies to monitor voltage stability of power systems using limited number of measurements. In a multi-area power system, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used to estimate the loading margin of the overall system, based on measurements from the internal area only. Information regarding the important measurements from the external areas is considered in measurement transformation through the network reduction process, to enhance the estimation accuracy of the ANNs. A Z-score based bad or missing data processing algorithm is implemented to make the methodologies robust. To account for changing operating conditions, adaptive training of the ANNs is also suggested. The proposed methods are successfully implemented on IEEE 14-bus and 118-bus test systems.     

全光纤电流互感器PID控制算法研究

全光纤电流互感器（FOCT）克服了传统电磁式电流互感器在暂态响应方面的弱点,优化动态特性有助于提高全光纤电流互感器保护动作的快速性。全光纤电流互感器的检测电路的带宽限制了系统的闭环带宽。对于采用数字闭环方案的全光纤电流互感器,其带宽限制主要由闭环数字控制算法决定。通过理论分析、仿真及实验验证,表明在闭环控制算法中引入PID控制算法,有效提高了闭环带宽,为全光纤电流互感器在智能电网保护中的推广应用具有重要的意义。     

计及综合风险的油浸式变压器短期增容决策方法

电力变压器的动态增容有利于缓解长期供电矛盾,解决短期应急需求,现有研究主要围绕热点温度与故障率进行增容决策的制定。考虑运行风险提出了一种变压器短期增容决策方法,包括安全约束作用与经济风险校验2个阶段。首先基于热点温度与故障率约束生成满足安全性要求的预增容方案,然后通过计算增容利润与风险,搜索预增容方案与满载运行之间的经济性最优方案,生成最终决策。通过算例分析了变压器服役时间、计划增容时间等因素对短期增容计划的影响,最后与电网公司现行增容预案进行比较,结果表明所述方法可灵活应对实际工况进行变压器短期增容方案的制订,兼顾决策的安全性与经济性。     

铁路编组场顶进大孔径框架桥设计施工关键技术

结合滨河南路下穿济西编组站、机务段整备场立交桥工程实例,介绍了在不影响既有铁路安全运营的同时,克服各种施工难点,进行框架桥设计施工关键技术,为今后城市道路穿越铁路咽喉区提供了可借鉴的经验。